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In voting, a ballot is considered spoilt, spoiled, void, null, informal, or stray if a law declares or an election authority determines that it is invalid and thus not included in the vote count. This may occur accidentally or deliberately. The total number of spoilt votes in a United States election has been called the residual vote.〔Caltech/MIT Voting Technology Project, ''Residual Votes Attributable to Technology: An Assessment of the Reliability of Existing Voting Equipment'', version 2, 3 Mar. 2001, http://www.hss.caltech.edu/~voting/CalTech_MIT_Report_Version2.pdf〕 In Australia, such votes are generally referred to as informal votes, and in Canada they are referred to as rejected votes. In most jurisdictions, spoilt votes are counted and reported. ==Types of spoiled vote == A ballot may be spoiled in a number of ways, including: * an undervote: leaving sections of the ballot blank, or marking nothing at all (though some ballots include an explicit "none of the above" option). * completing the ballot in an illogical or unapproved manner, such as: * *an overvote: casting more than the permitted number of votes, for example, more than one vote in a plurality voting system * *filling a preference ballot out of sequence, e.g. 1-2-2-3-4 or 1-2-4-5-6. * filling the ballot in a manner that makes the voter's decision incomprehensible. * physically deforming ballots, especially those counted by machine. * making marks on the ballot other than those necessary to complete it, where the voter's identity can be ascertained, compromising the secrecy of the ballot. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「spoilt vote」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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